![]() The term insomnia is loosely used to refer to all complaints of inability to initiate or maintain sleep. The frequency and duration of follow-up depends on each families needs, but you can expect to return in approximately 2 weeks following your initial visit. When necessary, we use hypnotics on a short-term basis in conjunction with behavioral interventions to break the cycle of insomnia and improve sleep. Our goal as a sleep team is to avoid the use of hypnotic medication when possible, especially for use with children and adolescents. Cognitive behavioral strategies will then be used to disrupt the negative learned associations with sleep and may include: cognitive restructuring, relaxation, sleep restriction, and stimulus control. Initially, treatment will focus on improving sleep hygiene and the consistency of the sleep/wake schedule. Our sleep team will work with your family one-on-one to develop a personally tailored sleep medicine program to fit your family’s needs. Identifying all of the factors contributing to your child’s insomnia is a critical initial step in developing an appropriate treatment plan. Adolescents are especially at risk for excessive use of caffeine to remain awake during the day. Children and adolescents who struggle with insomnia may experience a change in mood, irritability, excessive fatigue and sleepiness during the day, and declining school performance. Insomnia theories suggest that this sleep disorder results form a combination of the three Ps – predisposing factors (genetic vulnerability to underlying medical or psychiatric conditions), precipitating factors (stress), and perpetuating factors (poor sleep habits, negative thoughts about sleep, inconsistent sleep schedule). Children and adolescents with insomnia may also complain about racing thoughts, difficulty turning off their brain, negative beliefs about sleep, and worries about difficulties falling asleep. However when insomnia is not related to a sleep, psychiatric, or medical disorder, it is referred to as primary insomnia or psychophysiologic insomnia and is accompanied by learned sleep-preventing associations, physiological arousal, complaints of sleeplessness and decreased daytime functioning. In many cases, insomnia is a secondary symptom of another sleep or medical disorder. doi:10.1136/ebmh.11.1.Insomnia is defined as having difficulty falling asleep, staying asleep, or waking early. Cognitive-behavioural therapies: Achievements and challenges. Cognitive-behavioral therapy (alcohol, marijuana, cocaine, methamphetamine, nicotine). Cognitive behavioral therapy for anxiety and related disorders: A meta‐analysis of randomized placebo‐controlled trials. doi:10.1016/j.eurpsy.2018.12.008Ĭarpenter J, Andrews L, Witcraft S, Powers M, Smits J, Hofmann S. Effectiveness of CBT for children and adolescents with depression: A systematic review and meta-regression analysis. Oud M, De winter L, Vermeulen-smit E, et al. Evolution of cognitive-behavioral therapy for eating disorders. Cognitive behavioral therapy for chronic insomnia: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Trauer JM, Qian MY, Doyle JS, Rajaratnam SMW, Cunnington D. The effectiveness of internet-based cognitive behavioral therapy in treatment of psychiatric disorders. Kumar V, Sattar Y, Bseiso A, Khan S, Rutkofsky IH. ![]() A cognitive-behavior therapy applied to a social anxiety disorder and a specific phobia, case study. Patient experiences using a self-monitoring app in eating disorder treatment: Qualitative study. Evidence-Based CBT for Anxiety and Depression in Children and Adolescents: A Competencies-Based Approach. Ugueto AM, Santucci LC, Krumholz LS, Weisz JR. Using functional analysis as a framework to guide individualized treatment for negative symptoms. A multimodal behavioral approach to performance anxiety. Cognitive distortions, humor styles, and depression. The efficacy of cognitive behavioral therapy: A review of meta-analyses. Hofmann SG, Asnaani A, Vonk IJ, Sawyer AT, Fang A.
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